Early clinical outcomes and quality of life assessment after HeartMate 3 implantation: A single-centre descriptive study

Abstract

Background: Advanced heart failure remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with limited access to transplantation, particularly in Eastern Europe. Left ventricular assist device therapy offers improved survival and quality of life for end-stage disease. HeartMate 3, a modern form of mechanical circulatory support, is used as bridge-to-transplant or destination therapy. Despite increasing global experience with the HeartMate 3, clinical data from Romanian centers remain scarce. This study aimed to assess early clinical outcomes, postoperative complications, and quality of life after HeartMate 3 implantation at a single cardiovascular surgery center in Romania.
Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study including 13 patients with Advanced heart failure who underwent HeartMate 3 implantation between September 2023 and March 2025. Preoperative variables (demographics, comorbidities, INTERMACS profile, EuroSCORE II, echocardiographic findings) and postoperative outcomes were analyzed. Quality of life was assessed in 10 surviving patients using a 16-item structured telephone questionnaire addressing physical function, autonomy, social reintegration, and psychological well-being.
Results: The cohort was predominantly male (84.6%); mean age 47.2 ± 12.3 years. Implant strategy: bridge-to-transplant 76.9%, destination therapy 23.1%. Early mortality was 23.1% (n = 3), occurring primarily in patients with EuroSCORE II >8% and INTERMACS I–II. The most frequent postoperative complications were significant perioperative bleeding (61.5%) and right ventricular failure (23.1%). Among survivors, all reported improved mobility, greater independence in activities of daily living, and better social reintegration; 7/10 rated overall quality of life as good or excellent. Psychological distress was frequent early after surgery but showed progressive improvement over time. 
Conclusions: HeartMate 3 implantation resulted in favorable early clinical outcomes and significant improvements in quality of life, aligning with international data. Optimizing outcomes with left ventricular assist device therapy relies on timely referral, rigorous patient selection, and comprehensive postoperative management, including psychological and social support.